Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w'Abatwara Abantu mu Buvuzi: Kumenya Umuyoboro Uhishe w'Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa

Buri mwaka kuriKu itariki ya 20 Kanama, isi yose ihurira hamwe kugira ngo ishimire ubwitange budacogora bw'abatwara abaganga—abanyamwuga bemeza ko abarwayi bahabwa ubuvuzi burokora ubuzima bwabo mu bihe bikomeye cyane by'ubuzima bwabo. Bazwi ku mazina atandukanye mu bihugu bitandukanye—abatekinisiye b'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (EMTs), abaganga b'inzobere, abakozi b'imbangukiragutabara, cyangwa abakozi b'abaganga bo mu kirere—aba bantu bagira uruhare runini ariko akenshi ntibaruhabwa agaciro mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi.

Uyu mwakaUmunsi Mpuzamahanga w'Abatwara Abantu n'AbagangaNi umwanya wo guha icyubahiro serivisi zabo gusa, ahubwo no kuzirikana ku byifuzo bikomeje kwiyongera byo gutwara abantu mu buryo bwihutirwa, ikoranabuhanga rigena imikorere yabo, ndetse n'imbogamizi zikiri imbere.

Uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'abatwara abantu mu buvuzi

Iyo habaye ibibazo byihutirwa, iminota ni ngombwa. Yaba umurwayi ufite ikibazo cy'umutima, umwana ukiri mu kigero cy'uruhinja ufite ibibazo byo guhumeka, cyangwa uwahuye n'impanuka yo mu muhanda, umuvuduko n'ubuhanga bw'abatwara abaganga bishobora gutandukanya ubuzima n'urupfu.

Abatwara abarwayi mu bitaro ni bo bahuza abarwayi n'ibitaro. Inshingano zabo zirenze kure ibyo kwimura umuntu ava ahantu hamwe ajya ahandi. Bagomba gutuza abarwayi, gukurikirana ibimenyetso by'ubuzima, gucunga ibikoresho, no kuvugana n'amatsinda y'ibitaro—akenshi mu buryo butunguranye kandi burimo umuvuduko mwinshi.

Ku isi yose, abarwayi babarirwa muri za miriyoni bimurwa buri mwaka, baba bavanywe aho impanuka zibera bajya mu mashami y’ubutabazi cyangwa hagati y’ibitaro kugira ngo bahabwe ubuvuzi bwihariye. Mu mijyi no mu cyaro, abatwara abantu bagomba kumenyera vuba, batanga ubuvuzi bw’umwuga ku rwego rumwe haba ku muhanda unyuramo abantu benshi, muri kajugujugu, cyangwa batwaye imodoka mu turere twa kure.

Ingorane zikomeje kwiyongera mu gutwara abarwayi

Iki gihe cy’ubuvuzi cyazanye ibibazo bishya mu gutwara abarwayi. Mu mbogamizi zikomeye cyane harimo:

1. Ingorane z'abarwayi ziyongera– Abarwayi benshi muri iki gihe bafite indwara nyinshi zidakira cyangwa bakoresha ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, bigatuma kwimurira kwa muganga biba ngombwa cyane.

2. Inzitizi z'uturere– Mu turere twinshi, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, abarwayi bagomba guterurwa intera ndende cyangwa mu turere dufite ibikorwa remezo bike.

3. Icyorezo n'uburyo bwo guhangana n'ibiza– Icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyagaragaje akamaro ko gutwara abarwayi mu buryo bwizewe, aho amatsinda ashinzwe kwimura abarwayi banduye cyane akurikiza amabwiriza akaze.

4. Amikoro make– Ibura ry’abakozi bahuguwe n’ibikoresho bigezweho bishobora kwangiza ireme ry’ubuvuzi mu gihe cyo gutwara abantu, cyane cyane mu turere duke.

Izi mbogamizi zigaragaza ko hakenewe udushya duhoraho, amahugurwa, n'ishoramari haba mu bakozi ndetse no mu ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi.

Ikoranabuhanga nk'Umufatanyabikorwa mu Kurokora ubuzima

Mu myaka icumi ishize, ikoranabuhanga ryahinduye ubwikorezi bwihutirwa. Ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bito, byizewe kandi bitwarwa byabaye ingenzi ku bakozi bakora mu mbangukiragutabara, kajugujugu no mu mavuriro agendanwa.

Zimwe mu ikoranabuhanga rifite ingaruka nziza zirimo:

• Ibikoresho byo Gukurikirana Abarwayi– Ibikoresho byo kugenzura indwara bishobora gutwara abantu benshi (multi-parameter monitors) bituma abatwara abantu bakurikirana umuvuduko w'umutima, umuvuduko w'amaraso, umwuka wa ogisijeni uhagije, n'ibimenyetso bya ECG buri gihe. Ayo makuru atanga ubumenyi bwihuse ku buryo umurwayi ahagaze neza kandi akamenyesha abatanga serivisi ibimenyetso by'uko indwara yangiritse hakiri kare.

• Ultrasound yo mu rwego rwo hejuru (PoCUS)– Iyo bamaze kujyanwa mu bitaro, ubu ultrasound iraboneka mu buryo bworoshye bushobora kwifashishwa mu modoka z’imbangukiragutabara cyangwa bushobora no gufatwa mu ntoki. Hamwe na PoCUS, abatwara abantu n’inkeragutabara bashobora gusuzuma vuba ibikomere, kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri, imikorere y’umutima, cyangwa ibibazo by’umwana uri mu nda mu gihe cyo kwimurwa.

• Utwuma dutanga umwuka mwiza (defibrillators) n'inkunga yo guhumeka– Imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura umwuka (AED) n'imashini zifasha guhumeka ni ingenzi mu gutuma umwuka uhumeka neza no kubungabunga umwuka wa ogisijeni mu gihe buri segonda rimaze kuba ryihariye.

• Guhuza ubuvuzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga– Uburyo bwinshi bugezweho bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu ubu bufitanye isano n’imiyoboro y’ibitaro, butuma amatsinda ashobora kohereza amakuru y’abarwayi mu gihe nyacyo, kugisha inama abaganga b’inzobere bari kure, no gutegura amashami y’ubutabazi mbere yo kuhagera.

Udushya ntitwongereye gusa umubare w’abapfa ariko twanagabanyije stress ku batwara abagenzi, tubaha ibikoresho byiza byo gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza.

Uruhande rw'abantu mu buvuzi bwo gutwara abantu n'ibintu

Ikoranabuhanga ryonyine ntirihagije. Ishingiro ry'ubwikorezi bw'abarwayi ni abagabo n'abagore bitangira akazi. Abatwara abantu mu buvuzi bagomba guhuza ubumenyi mu buvuzi no kwihangana, kwishyira mu mwanya w'abandi no gufata ibyemezo byihuse.

Tekereza ku mwana ufite asima ikomeye mu cyaro. Utwara abantu ntabwo ashinzwe gusa gutanga umwuka wa ogisijeni no gukurikirana ibimenyetso by'ingenzi, ahubwo anashinzwe gutuza ababyeyi bafite ubwoba mu gihe cyo kujya kwa muganga. Mu kindi kibazo, umurwayi w'umutima ashobora gukenera kujyanwa mu bitaro by'akarere mu ndege; aha, utwara abantu agomba gucunga ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bigoye ndetse n'ibibazo by'ibidukikije byo mu ndege zo mu misozi miremire.

Ingero nk'izo zigaragaza impamvu Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w'Abatwara Abantu mu Buvuzi atari ikimenyetso gusa. Ni ukwemera ibyo aba banyamwuga basabwa buri munsi ku mubiri, mu marangamutima no mu mitekerereze.